When the republic in Afghanistan was toppled by the Taliban and the agents of the republican system fled the country, former warlords, factions and killers of the people went abroad. From the very first day, they were divided based on their thoughts, tribes, sects, and influence. Out of fear of losing their tribal influence and power, they formed small, fragmented groups.
They have very different strategies in terms of intellectual, ethnic, influential and foreign support, and they will remain fragmented. If one of them wants to unite with someone else, it will turn their ethnic influence, power, intellectual structure, personal interests and foreign supporters towards another direction, which means merging everything into one and losing oneself. This is impossible because it would result in losing all the aforementioned aspects, leaving the politician alone in an empty field, which no one desires.
In severe conflicts, personal rivalries and the influence and support of their leaders, if they are repeated, they do not have the capacity for a strong and centralized government. They were initially devourers and killers of each other, gathered into one administration by the Americans and then scattered again, with their fragmentation increasing day by day. Their repetition is a repetition of the dark history of the past. Here, we present several examples of a republican system made up of fragmented groups and factions.
“Ashraf Ghani cannot even replace an advisor, so how can he remove me!?” In 2018, Ashraf Ghani dismissed Atta Mohammad Noor from the position of Balkh governor and in response to that order, Noor boldly stated the above sentence, emphasizing that only the leadership of the Jamiat-e-Islami party can remove him from his position, not the president. If the government uses force, I am also ready to resist with my armed supporters, and every time the Arg tramples on the rights of Jamiat.
“I was not appointed by a decree to be dismissed by a decree!” This sentence is Ahmad Zia Massoud’s response, who was also removed from his position by Ashraf Ghani. Ahmad Zia Massoud held meetings in Kabul and told his supporters to resist the government. He reacted to the decision of the Arg in this way. The Northern Alliance also condemned Ashraf Ghani’s decision and considered it a unilateral concentration of power.
In 2019, Dr. Abdullah rejected the election results and publicly stated that Ashraf Ghani was declared the winner through fraud. Immediately, he announced a parallel government against the Arg, while Ashraf Ghani was sworn in as president in the Arg palace. Simultaneously, Abdullah Abdullah held his swearing-in ceremony in the Spidar palace, declared himself president, and announced the formation of a parallel cabinet from the Spidar palace.
The result of the fragmented groups on a fragmented system is not conclusive; Afghans have experienced the rule of warlords, gunmen, influential and non-influential tyrants, who do not even have the ability to govern the Afghan people for a day. The foreign occupying forces had forcibly imposed fake powers on them, and with the departure of the last occupier, their power and popularity among the people were exposed, creating interesting records during their escape from their oppressed people.
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